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发表于 2006-11-13 05:00 · 美国
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Caliburn
by Brian Edward Rise
The name of Arthur's sword in Geoffrey of Monmouth. Later modified by the romancers into Excalibur. Geoffrey says the sword was forged in the Isle of Avalon, here meaning most decidedly a mystic place in the Otherworld rather than Glastonbury. In Geoffrey, Arthur wields Caliburn when he defeats the Saxons at Bath, in single combat with Roman governor Frollo outside Paris, and in his battle with the Roman army commanded by Lucius. The sight of Caliburn spurred the troops onward and the enemy's armor gave them no protection from its power.
The name was probably suggested by the Latin word, chalybs, which meant "steel" and could be used metaphorically for a sword. There may also be a trace of the Welsh name given to Arthur's sword in Culhwch and Olwen - Caledfwlch, which also resembles Caladbolg, the famous sword of Irish legend.
Caliburn
Geoffrey of Monmouth(注:英格兰中世纪编年史家,主要著作为不列颠诸王纪)对亚瑟王之剑的称呼。在后世的传奇小说作家们笔下演变为Excalibur。Geoffrey认为,这剑打造于Avalon湖中的小岛上,这意味着在格拉斯顿布里以外有另外一个神秘的地方。如Geoffrey所写,在Bath击败撒克逊人的时候,在Paris(巴黎?尚待考证)郊外与罗马执政官Frollo决斗的时候,在与Lucius统率的罗马大军浴血奋战的时候,Caliburn一直在亚瑟王手中与他并肩作战。Caliburn在战场上的出现驱使着士兵们勇往直前,使敌人的任何防御都变得形同虚设。
Caliburn这个名字很可能与拉丁词chalybs(意为“钢铁”)有关,这个词一般用来比喻剑。从这个名字中我们也很可能找到关于威尔士人对亚瑟王之剑的称呼——Culhwch和Olwen – Caledfwlch的来历的线索,就象爱尔兰传说中的名剑Caladbolg一样。 |
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