Dash, Backwards Dash: This shows the number of frames of animation it takes for your character to complete a Dash command.
Dash Distance: The amount of space your fighter will move after performing a Dash command.
Jump: The first number is how many frames it takes before you leave the ground, while the second number is how many frames of animation you'll be in the air for after jumping. You can see Dhalsim, Chun Li and M. Bison (Dictator) are very 'floaty' characters.